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The palm oil deodorization process is a physical refining process. It uses volatility differences between odour-causing substances and the oil itself. The process works by introducing direct steam under high temperature and high vacuum conditions to remove impurities and get pure, refined oil. 

Deaeration and Preheating

Before preheating, crude palm oil enters deaerator. Under vacuum conditions, this equipment removes dissolved oxygen and air from oil. This prevents the oil from oxidation, polymerization, and other reactions during after high-temperature stages, helping control peroxide value increases and color reversion.

A transfer pump moves the dehydrated and preheated oil into the main body of deodorization tower. Inside tower, heat exchangers final heating, rapidly raising the temperature to 240°C-260°C.

Stripping

Stripping is the most important step in palm oil deodorization. Under high vacuum (0.27-0.40 kPa or 2-3 mbar), direct steam (0.5%-2% of oil weight) disperses into countless micro-bubbles within the oil, creating a huge gas-liquid contact area.

Condensing

The system must capture and recover the mixture of volatile impurities (mainly free fatty acids and various odor substances) and steam that stripping removes from the oil. The condensation recovery process is as follows:

1. The mixed steam enters the fatty acid capture system (shell-and-tube or plate condenser). 
2. Cooling water condenses the mixed steam into liquid. 

3. The condensed liquid mainly consists of water and FFA, commonly called "fatty acid distillate."

Filtration

Before entering storage or packaging, the cooled oil needs filtration. This step removes trace solid impurities that may have formed during processing, ensuring the final product clarity, transparency, and stability. Refined palm oil can be further processed through fractionation to separate it into products for different applications.

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